What is infertility?

You have visited your gynecologist in Punjab, and through a diagnosis, you got to know about ‘INFERTILITY’. It is the situation when a couple cannot conceive after having unprotected sex from 6 to 12 months. In such a case, you must visit the best IVF centre in Punjab to boost your chances of conception and understand what you need to do.

Types of Infertility

• Primary Infertility

Primary infertility is the situation when a couple is trying for 12 months, despite unprotected sex or birth control measures, but results are not coming successfully.

• Secondary Infertility

Secondary Infertility is a situation when a couple has conceived in the past, but now they are having trouble.

Causes of Male Infertility

Semen and sperm – In some cases, sperm cannot reach the egg to fertilize it. Some of the problems which can occur are:

• Low sperm mobility
• Low sperm count
• Abnormal sperm

If the sperm is abnormal then sperm will not be carried effectively. This problem is likely to happen due to:

• Overheated testicles
• Ejaculation problem
• Medical problem
• Hormonal imbalance

Additional causes

• Genetic factors
• Mumps (testicle inflammation)
• Hypospadias (urethral opening is under the penis)
• Radiation therapy
• Cystic fibrosis
• Medications
• Age
• Exposure to chemical
• Overweight
• Chemotherapy
• Anabolic steroids
• Mental stress
• Excessive alcohol consumption

Causes of female infertility

Different factors can affect the woman’s fertility. Some of the possible factors are:

• Age
• Smoking
• Alcohol
• Eating habits
• Diet
• Exposure to certain chemicals
• Exercise

Medical conditions

Female infertility is mostly due to ovulation issues as it affects the cycle when the eggs are released. The problem can happen due to:

• Poor egg quality
• Chronic conditions
• Thyroid issue
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Premature Ovarian Failure

Additional causes

• Endometriosis
• Submucosal fibroids
• Surgery
• High cholesterol levels
• Previous sterilization treatment

Diagnosis

For both the patients, the doctor will ask in detail about the medical history, sexual habits, medications, and perform a physical examination.

Infertility tests for men

• Semen analysis
• Blood test
• Ultrasound
• Chlamydia test

Infertility tests for women

• Blood test
• Hysterosalpingography
• Laparoscopy

Other tests include

• Ovarian reserve testing
• Genetic testing
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Chlamydia test
• Thyroid function test

What are the treatment options?

Be it male or female, the treatment will depend on the reason for infertility.

Fertility treatments for men

• Erectile problem

For premature ejaculation or erectile dysfunction, the doctor suggests medications or behavioral therapy.

• Retrograde ejaculation

Sperm is taken from the bladder and then injected into the egg in the lab.

• Varicocele

In this case, the varicose vein is removed from the scrotum.

• Epididymal blockage

In this case, the epididymis is corrected through surgery.

Fertility treatments for women

• Clomifene (Clomid, Serophene)

Perfect for the women who do not ovulate regularly or at all, because of PCOS.

• Metformin (Glucophage)

If the above-mentioned one did not help the women then this option is suggested.

• Human menopausal gonadotropin, or hMG (Repronex)

It contains LH and FSH. if ovulation is not occurring then this injection is suggested.

• Follicle-stimulating hormone (Gonal-F, Bravelle)

The pituitary gland produces it which helps to control the estrogen level in the ovaries and it allows the eggs to mature.

• Human chorionic gonadotropin (Ovidrel, Pregnyl)

It is used in combination with FSH, clomiphene, and hMG. Through this, the eggs will ovulate at the necessary time.