Hysteroscopy

What is Hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy is a procedure where a thin, lighted instrument called a hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix to examine the inside of the uterus. It allows the doctor to visually inspect the uterine cavity on a screen in real-time and treat abnormalities during the same session if needed.

There are two main types of hysteroscopy:

• Diagnostic Hysteroscopy – Used to evaluate symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding, repeated miscarriages, or infertility.

• Operative Hysteroscopy – Performed to correct abnormalities like polyps, fibroids, uterine septum, or adhesions.

Why is Hysteroscopy Performed?

Hysteroscopy is recommended for several reasons, including:

• Abnormal Uterine Bleeding – To identify and treat the cause of heavy, irregular, or postmenopausal bleeding.

• Infertility or Recurrent Miscarriage – To assess and treat uterine conditions affecting fertility.

• Uterine Polyps or Fibroids – For direct visualization and removal of abnormal growths.

• Retained Products of Conception (RPOC) – After miscarriage or delivery, to remove remaining tissue.

• Sterilization Procedures – In some cases, it can assist in permanent contraception.

The Hysteroscopy Procedure

Hysteroscopy is generally an outpatient procedure, often done under local, spinal, or general anesthesia depending on the case. Here’s a step-by-step overview:

• Preparation: You may be asked to fast for a few hours before the procedure. Medications to soften the cervix might be prescribed.

• Procedure:

  • The hysteroscope is carefully inserted through the cervix into the uterus.

  • The uterine cavity is gently inflated with saline or gas to improve visibility.

  • The doctor inspects the uterus and, if needed, removes or corrects abnormalities using small instruments.

• Duration: Typically lasts between 20 to 45 minutes.

Recovery and Aftercare

Recovery after hysteroscopy is usually quick and uncomplicated. Most patients resume normal activities within a day. Common after-effects include mild cramping and light spotting for a couple of days.

Aftercare Tips:

• Take rest for at least 24 hours.

• Avoid sexual activity, tampons, and douching for a week.

• Stay alert for any unusual symptoms like heavy bleeding, severe pain, or fever and report them immediately.